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A Picture from History: Lillian Smith vs. Annie Oakley

In this Picture from History, we look at the rivalry between iconic trick shooters Annie Oakley and Lillian Smith.
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    Legendary sharpshooter Annie Oakley is a shining example of female excellence in firearms.

    Oakley traveled the world, impressing audiences with her incredible marksmanship and trick-shooting. Most notably, she was a star of Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show.

    Annie Oakley
    Annie Oakley

    Yet many have never heard of her rival, fellow Buffalo Bill performer Lillian Smith.

    The bitter competition between the two women became one of the show’s main attractions. But it extended beyond the show…

    Oakley & Smith

    Both Oakley and Smith began shooting and competing at a young age. In Ohio, the teenage Oakley built her reputation in competition shooting. Smith did the same in California. 

    Young Lillian Smith
    Young Lillian Smith

    Oakley married and toured with her husband, sharpshooter Frank Butler. In 1885, the couple joined Buffalo Bill’s tour.

    At a mere 5-feet tall, Chief Sitting Bull gave her the nickname Watanya Cicilla — Little Sure Shot.

    Annie Oakley and Frank Butler
    Annie Oakley and Frank Butler

    As the show headed West, Buffalo Bill discovered Smith and brought her on as a performer in 1886.

    The two women specialized in different weapons — Oakley the shotgun and Smith the rifle. Still, the rivalry began immediately as Smith declared, “Annie Oakley is done for.”

    Besides shooting, Oakley and Smith had little in common.

    Oakley was known for her conservative dress, kind demeanor, and professional behavior. Meanwhile, Smith was known for her flashy costumes and rough language. She was also described as “a shameless flirt.” 

    Lillian Smith
    Just look at that ostrich feather hat!

    The rivalry came to a head the next year when the show headed to London. Queen Victoria met with Oakley and called her “a very clever little girl.”

    Regardless, the London newspapers ran an illustration of Smith meeting the Queen. 

    The papers back home were no better. An anonymous letter, possibly sent by a friend of Smith, claimed that Smith was the crowd favorite. But Oakley actually received the most praise in Britain.

    Lillian Smith during Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show's 1887 British Tour
    A shot of Lillian Smith taken during that British tour

    Buffalo Bill did nothing to combat the rumors, and instead promoted Smith as his star. No matter how bitter the PR war became, Oakley still had it where it counted.

    She astonished crowds in the annual Wimbledon rifle competition. Smith’s score was much, much lower. 

    Annie Oakley trick shot
    Her trick shots like this one, where she shot over her shoulder using a hand mirror to aim, were iconic.

    When the tour ended, Oakley left Buffalo Bill’s in 1887 to work for a rival wild west show.

    For the next two years, Smith continued to tour with Buffalo Bill but failed to draw crowds.

    When eye-witness reports corrected the media record, Smith’s reputation fell. Smith left the show in 1889, so Oakley returned for another European tour. Afterward, she stayed with the act for another 13 years, cementing her legacy.

    After leaving Buffalo Bill’s, Smith faded into obscurity. She performed in Mexican Joe’s Wild West show with darkened skin as “Princess Wenona, the Indian Girl.” 

    Yikes
    Yikes

    Though Oakley retired from performing in 1902, she wasn’t done yet. After retirement, she became an advocate for firearms education.

    It’s estimated that Oakley personally taught over 15,000 women to shoot for sport and defense. Her goal with all this education work?

    “I would like to see every woman know how to handle guns, as naturally as they know how to handle babies.”

    Annie Oakley in 1922, pictured with a gun given to her by Buffalo Bill
    Annie Oakley in 1922, pictured with a gun given to her by Buffalo Bill

    This is a new style of article for Pew Pew Tactical; if you liked it — let us know in the comments! If you didn’t enjoy it…well phooey. To catch up on previous Pictures from History, click on over to our History Category Or read up on some of our other fave women shooters in Badass Lady Shooters.

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    9 Leave a Reply

    • Owen Johnson

      Great article. Thanks for posting

      February 21, 2022 8:47 am
    • Erica Gancarz

      I definitely was not aware of Smith but love Oakley and all she did for the sport and education of firearms. We need more women like her especially now when firearm education and self defense is truly needed. Anyway, great read!

      February 21, 2022 4:09 am
    • dadstillsurfs

      Great read.. I always believed Oakley was unique, was unaware of Smith's part in Western and firearms history. Keep up the good work.

      February 20, 2022 8:11 pm
    • Jon

      Awesome to see some historical content!

      February 20, 2022 6:54 pm
    • Mike Deets

      Great interesting article. Any more info on what guns they actually used?

      February 20, 2022 5:57 pm
    • Anthony Johnston

      Great interesting article. Love these historical reads.

      February 20, 2022 5:37 pm
    • Kurtis Hughes

      Being an American History and Shooting History buff, I enjoy reading such as this..... Keep it up PewPew !!

      February 20, 2022 5:04 pm
    • Don McGill

      Very interesting and informative article. I had no idea that Annie had a rival.

      February 18, 2022 3:56 pm
    • Ray

      Outstanding article Matt! Call me unlearned but I had never heard of Lillian.

      February 18, 2022 12:49 pm
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